This disconnect doesn’t just have to do with female characters,
either. I’m reminded of that Tumblr post that compares two magazine
covers featuring Hugh Jackman: a men’s magazine on which he appears
bulging-veined, huge-muscled, and sort of terrifying and weird, and a
women’s magazine on which he appears as a slim, athletic guy smiling and
wearing a sweater. Anyone who reads comics is familiar with this
weirdness: comics heroes are often depicted as nightmarishly
hyper-muscled, enormous man-mountains. (Interestingly, this trend grew
more and more exaggerated as women became more and more nominally
liberated– that is, as they should have been more and more able to
communicate what they wanted, including what they wanted from men.)
Hyper-masculinity is almost always framed in terms of being attractive–
to women or, for gay men, to other men– and sometimes even talked about
in the same breath as “the female gaze.” Yet, as that Tumblr post points
out, while “the female gaze” is attracted by things like a naked,
sweaty Chris Evans or Idris Elba, it’s also attracted by things like:
men smiling in sweaters, men crying (DON’T LIE TUMBLR), barefoot fragile
Sebastian Stan in the rain on Political Animals, men holding
babies, men speaking foreign languages, Mark Ruffalo, and a whole bunch
of weird stuff on Ao3 that I don’t even wanna get into. And that’s just
“the female gaze as it pertains to men.“
But think about whether men would agree that this is what women find
attractive in men. Imagine a men’s magazine that offers tips on being
attractive to women that include: looking fragile, being a bumbling
scientist, acting like a helpless meatball, expressing affection to tiny
children, blushing, being intensely interested in gorgeous clothes,
etc, etc. This is hard to imagine. In fact, these are characteristics
that are typically characterized as not ideal for men, because they are coded as feminine. Yet they’re also not only traits that are commonly attractive to women, but are generally accepted
as commonly attractive to women, if one looks at “women’s”
entertainment (romantic comedies, chick lit, anything in which Hugh
Grant appears).
What I’m getting at is that there is a division between what attracts
women and what men accept/permit as attracting women. Men are engaged
in a constant enforcement of heteronormativity, a policing of women’s
desire and their own accession to it. What women want is subordinate to
what men decide that women want, and the latter is then culturally
broadcast as the ideological “what women want” that becomes accepted.
This is true also in the case of female characters. What do women want in female characters? Well, I mean, a lot of us just want female characters for the love of God. But
specifically: some of the most popular current female characters in
comics/MCU fandom are: Natasha Romanoff, in a movie (Cap 2) where she
only briefly appeared in a sexy bodysuit and instead spent most of her
time wearing jeans and a hoodie, wisecracking, having a complex
narrative about salvation, and hacking computers, not to mention the
down-to-earth Phil Noto comics depiction, who even (GASP) sometimes
wears a ponytail; Peggy Carter, a 1940s secret agent with little
patience for men; Kamala Khan, a teenage Pakistani-American girl who
writes fan fiction and wears a modest homemade costume; Darcy Lewis,
who’s full-figured, socially awkward, and not a superhero; the lady
scientists of the MCU (Jane Foster, Maya Hansen, Betty Ross)… I could go
on.
But what do men apparently believe that women want in female
characters? Well, going by Joss Whedon: superheroines who wear catsuits,
beat up men, are secretly very vulnerable, and are sexually threatened,
fragile and unstable girl-women with superpowers beyond their control…
oh, wait. That’s it. Expanding beyond Whedon, the most common
characteristics tend to be: aggressively sexy, sexually threatened,
beats up bad men but is secretly vulnerable. I discussed already one
potential reason this is attractive to men (see my previous post); my
issue here is: this is not what women want, but it is what men believe
that women want, because it is what they have been told by other men
that women want.